Effectiveness of Pamphlet on Menstrual Hygiene Management among Adolescent girl in selected school

Roshana Vilas Jadhav¹,Vanita Gaikwad², Sara Tomy³, Pournima Naik⁴

¹M.Sc. Nursing, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing,

M.V.P’s Institute of Nursing Education, Adgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

²Assistant Professor, M.Sc. Nursing, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing,

M.V.P’s Institute of Nursing Education, Adgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

³Assistant Professor, Department of Child Health Nursing,

M.V.P’s Institute of Nursing Education., Adgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

⁴Principal, Department of Community Health Nursing,

M.V.P’s Institute of Nursing Education, Adgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: devidshejwal17@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Menstruation and menstrual practices are still clouded by taboos and socio-cultural restrictions reflecting in adolescent girls A study to assess “Effectiveness of pamphlet on menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school” Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate of the effectiveness of pamphlets on knowledge regarding of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school. Methodology: An evaluative research approach with pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used for the study. 100 adolescent girls were selected as sample for study by using convenient sampling technique. Pre-test was conducted by using structured knowledge questionnaires & on the same day pamphlet was also administered. After 7 days post test was conducted to assess the gained in knowledge using the same structured knowledge questionnaire researcher assess post-test knowledge of adolescent girl. Result: In this study for the assessment purpose the total score of knowledge was divided in to three groups like poor (0-4score), average (5- 10score) good (11-15 score), excellent (16-20 score). The comparisons of the pretest and posttest means of the knowledge were done by the paired t test. The test was conducted at 5% level of significance. The pretest average score was 8.11 with standard deviation of 2.15. The posttest average score was 18.26 with standard deviation of 1.36. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 42.35 with p value 0.00. The p value less than 0.05, hence reject the null hypothesis. That means there is significant difference in pre and posttest knowledge. The chi square test was used to see the association between pre-test knowledge scores regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school with selected demographic variables. Study shows that, pamphlets on knowledge regarding of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school was effective. Conclusion: There was significant difference in the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of adolescent girls. Which indicated pamphlet was effective in improving knowledge of adolescent girls related to menstrual hygiene management.

KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Pamphlet, Menstrual hygiene, Adolescent girl, School.

INTRODUCTION:

Adolescence is an important and sensitive phase of life. Many physical, mental and social developments take place during this phase. For a girl, adolescence is a period of rapid transition to womanhood. The onset of menstruation is one of the most important changes that occur for girls during the adolescent years. Hygiene-related practices of women during menstruation are of considerable importance, as it has a health impact in terms of increased vulnerability to reproductive tract infections (RTI). Proper menstrual hygiene, correct perception and belief will protect women folk from this suffering.

When a girl faces challenges in managing her period in a healthy manner, it can cause a number of problems to her physical as well as mental health. Not only will she be at risk of infection, but her education, self- esteem, and confidence also will suffer in a major way. National Family Health Survey 2015-2016 estimates that of the 336 million menstruating women in India about 121 million (roughly 36 percent) women are using sanitary napkins, locally or commercially produced.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

Primary objectives:

1. To assess the pretest knowledge level of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene management in selected school.

Secondary objectives:

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of pamphlets on knowledge regarding of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school.

3. To find out an association between knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management with selected socio- demographic variables.

HYPOTHESIS:

^H₀ ^-^{There
will be no significant difference between pre-test –post-test knowledge among
adolescent girls related to}menstrual hygiene management.

^H₁ ^-^{There
will be significant difference between pre-test –post-test knowledge among
adolescent girls related to}menstrual hygiene management.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

An explanatory quantitative research approach was used with a one group pre test and post test pre experimental research designed to evaluate the effectiveness of pamphlet on menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girl. 100 samples were selected by non probability convenient sampling technique methods. On first day (day1) pre- test was administered to 100 samples using the structure knowledge questionnaire to assess the existing knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girl in selected school. The pamphlet was administered on the same day. On the seventh day (day 7) post test was conducted to assess the gain in knowledge using the structure knowledge questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms frequency, percentage mean, standard deviation, and paired 't' test.

RESULTS:

Assessment of pre test and post test knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls.


Variable	Groups	Score	Pre Test
			Frequency	Percentage
Knowledge	Poor	0 - 4	5	5.00 %
	Average	5-10	81	81.00 %
	Good	11-15	14	14.00 %
	Excellent	16-20	0	0.00 %
Knowledge	Minimum		4
	Maximum		13
	Average (SD)		8.11 (2.15)

Above table shows that, assessment of the knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school, 5% of them had poor knowledge, 81% had average knowledge, 14% of them had good knowledge and no one of them had excellent knowledge.

ASSESMENT OF KNOWLEDGE - Post Test
Variable	Groups	Score	Post Test
			Frequency	Percentage
Knowledge	Poor	0 - 4	0	0.00 %
	Average	5 - 10	0	0.00 %
	Good	11 - 15	5	5.00 %
	Excellent	16 - 20	95	95.00 %
Knowledge	Minimum		14
	Maximum		20
	Average (SD)		18.26 (1.36)

Above table shows that, assessment of the knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school, no one of them had poor or average knowledge, 5% had good knowledge and 95% of them had excellent knowledge.

Comparison of the pre and post-test Knowledge (paired t test)

Bar diagram showing Comparison of the average pre and posttest Knowledge score:

The comparisons of the pretest and posttest means of the knowledge were done by the paired t test. The pretest average score was 8.11 with standard deviation of 2.15. The posttest average score was 18.26 with standard deviation of 1.36. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 42.35 with p value 0.00. The p value less than 0.05, hence reject of the null hypothesis. That means there is significant difference in pre and posttest knowledge. Shows that pamphlets on knowledge regarding of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school was effective.

CONCLUSION:

The present study concluded that the adolescent girl lacked appropriate knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management after giving the pamphlet all findings suggest that considerable improvement was noticed in adolescent girls. The comparisons of the pretest and posttest means of the knowledge were done by the paired t test. The test was conducted at 5% level of significance. The pretest average score was 8.11 with standard deviation of 2.15. The posttest average score was 18.26 with standard deviation of 1.36. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 42.35 with p value 0.00. The p value less than 0.05, hence reject the null hypothesis. That means there is significant difference in pre and posttest knowledge. Shows that, pamphlets on knowledge regarding of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school was effective. The pamphlet was effective in increasing the knowledge of adolescent girl regarding menstrual hygiene management in selected school.

The chi square test was used to see the association between pre-test knowledge scores regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school with selected demographic variables. The test was conducted at 5% level of significance. For the demographic variables age and religion, the p value of the association test with pretest knowledge was less than 0.05. That means, the knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school was associated with these demographic variables. Concludes that, there was significant association of these demographic variables with the pretest knowledge. For the remaining demographic variables like type of family, education of mother, education of father etc., the p value of the association test with pretest knowledge was more than 0.05. That means, the knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in selected school was not associated with these demographic variables. Concludes that, there was no significant association of these demographic variables with the pretest knowledge.

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